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We already know that different marine animals 2891 swallow the man-made plastic and come in the oceans and that these pieces of plastic have serious effects on the animals. But now scientists have found something more disturbing: the oceans formed an entirely new ecosystem.
Researchers called "plastisferă" ecosystem consists of organisms - some of them unknown to specialists - colonizing accumulation of small plastic particles deposited on the seabed.
Over 1,000 species 2891 of microorganisms were counted so far in these sediments plastic, some species have not yet been identified. This group of microorganisms is significantly different from other community oceanic organisms and much more diverse than those, which suggests that the particles of plastics has a very favorable environment for micro-organisms which would not survive in other habitats. 2891
The study, conducted by a team of researchers from the Institute for Oceanography and Marine Biology Laboratory, Woods Hole both of the U.S., is among the first to investigate the effects of plastics on microscopic creatures in the ocean.
Using both high resolution images and genetic sequencing, experts 2891 have identified unique ecosystems associated with two different types of plastic are different communities of microorganisms found in genetically from those living in other types of substrate in water others, for example floating wood pieces or wedges. Plastisferă communities of organisms also have a higher diversity than those of the other substrates of the same waters, which are dominated usually just a few species.
Some of the more than 1000 species of microorganisms are inventoried algae, bacteria and plants, some of which have not yet been identified. Researchers are not only interested to know what species it is, but to understand the complex relationships between them, and how they affect the ocean and marine life and what will happen in the Umrah with these plastic particles constituting the substrate which these communities 2891 live.
Images obtained 2891 with the scanning electron microscope shows that some of the bacteria present in the living plastisferă cavities formed in the plastic, which suggests that these species could biodegradable plastic. It takes, however, more studies to confirm the existence of this process, and researchers plan to isolate and cultivate these bacteria in the laboratory to study their action on plastics.
Since research is just beginning, are difficult to estimate the potential effects on the marine environment plastisferei. Among other things, scientists worry that these plastic pieces with peculiar organisms that host them could, traveling by ocean species to spread potentially harmful or hazardous pollutants.
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